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The timeline signifies the major events in the development of women's rights and issues of gender inequality other than the right to vote. For those rights, see Timeline of women's suffrage. == Before the 19th century == ; 1707 * The efforts of Dorothea von Velen—mistress of Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine—led to the abolition of couverture in the Electorate of the Palatinate in 1707, making it an early beacon of women's rights. The Palatinate was the first German state to abolish couverture, but it was briefly re-instated by Karl III Philipp, Johann Wilhelm's successor. Dorothea protested from exile in Amsterdam. She published her memoirs, ''A Life for Reform'', which were highly critical of Karl III Philipp's government. To avoid a scandal, Karl III Philipp yielded to Dorothea's demands, and couverture was once again abolished.〔Langdon-Davies, John (1962). Carlos: The Bewitched. Jonathan Cape. pp. 167-170〕 ; 1718 * Russia: Gender segregation is banned * Sweden: Female taxpaying members of the cities' guilds are allowed to vote and stand for election during the age of liberty; this right is banned (for local elections) in 1758 and (general elections) in 1771〔Åsa Karlsson-Sjögren : Männen, kvinnorna och rösträtten: medborgarskap och representation 1723–1866 (Men, women and the vote: citizenship and representation 1723–1866)〕 * Province of Pennsylvania (now U.S. state of Pennsylvania): Married women allowed to own and manage property in their own name during the incapacity of their spouse ; 1722 * Russia: Ban against forced marriages 〔 ; 1734 * Sweden: In the Civil Code of 1734, men are banned from selling the property of their wife without her consent, and both spouses regardless of gender are secured the right to divorce upon adultery, while the innocent party are secured custody of the children.〔Sweriges Rikes Lag. Gillad och Antagen på Riksdagen Åhr 1734〕 * Sweden: Unmarried women, normally under the guardianship of their closest male relative, are granted the right to be declared of legal majority by dispensation from the monarch.〔Qvist, Gunnar, Fredrika Bremer och kvinnans emancipation, 1969〕 ; 1741 * Sweden: The requirement of guild membership for innkeepers is dropped, effectively opening the profession to women.〔Mot halva makten – elva historiska essäer om kvinnors strategier och mäns motstånd Redaktör: Ingrid Hagman. Rapport till Utredningen om fördelningen av ekonomisk makt och ekonomiska resurser mellan kvinnor och män Stockholm 1997〕 ; 1749 * Sweden: Women are given the right to engage in the trade of knick-knacks,〔Carl Grimberg: (Svenska folkets underbara öden / IX. Den sociala och kulturella utvecklingen från Oskar I:s tid till våra dagar samt De politiska förhållandena under Karl XV:s, Oscar II:s och Gustaf V:s regering 1859-1923 ) (1913-1939)〕 and the permit to be active as a street seller in Stockholm, a very common profession for poor women, are to be foremost issued in favor of women in need of self-support.〔("Spanska citroner till salu", ur Historisk Tidskrift 134:1, 2014 )〕 ; 1753 * Russia: Married women granted separate economy 〔Michelle Lamarche Marrese: A woman's kingdom: noblewomen and the control of property in Russia, 1700–1861〕 ; 1754 * Germany: Dorothea Erxleben the first woman doctor. ; 1772 * Sweden: The permit to engage in Tobacco trade is foremost to be granted to (widowed and married) women in need to support themselves.〔 ; 1776 * France: Female tailors are allowed into the guild of tailors ; 1778 * Sweden: Barnamordsplakatet; unmarried women are allowed to leave their home town to give birth anonymously and have the birth registered anonymously, to refrain from answering any questions about the birth and, if they choose to keep their child, to have their unmarried status not mentioned in official documents to avoid social embarrassment. ; 1779 * Spain: The guild restrictions which prevented females from holding certain professions are abolished. ; 1784 * Spain: Women are by royal decree allowed to accept any profession compatible with her "sex, dignity and strength".〔 ; 1786 * Russia: Primary and high schools for females 〔 ; 1791 * France: Equal inheritance rights (abolished in 1804) ; 1792 * France: Divorce is legalized for both sexes〔 (abolished for women in 1804) * France: Local women-units of the defense army are founded in several cities; although the military was never officially open to women, about eight thousand women were estimated to have served openly in the French ''armée'' in local troops (but not in the battle fields) between 1792 and 1794, but women were officially barred from the ''armée'' in 1795〔 * Herman Lindqvist : Revolution (Revolution!) 〕 * Kingdom of Great Britain: Mary Wollstonecraft, a British feminist, writer and philosopher, publishes ''A Vindication of the Rights of Woman'', one of the earliest works of feminist philosophy. ; 1793 * France: The question of women's right to vote is discussed in the Parliament of France; women's right to vote is acknowledged as a principle, but it is still put aside with the explanation that the time is not right to make this a reality and is therefore postponed.〔 ; 1798 * Sweden: Married business women are given legal majority and juridical responsibility within the affairs of their business enterprise, despite being otherwise under guardianship of their spouse.〔Mot halva makten – elva historiska essäer om kvinnors strategier och mäns motstånd Redaktör: Ingrid Hagman. Rapport till Utredningen om fördelningen av ekonomisk makt och ekonomiska resurser mellan kvinnor och män Stockholm 1997〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Timeline of women's rights (other than voting)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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